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牙周炎是口腔最常见的慢性炎症性疾病，不仅造成牙周附着丧失，引起牙齿的松动脱落，影响咀嚼、美观和发音等功能，还是50多种系统性疾病的危险因素，从而对全身健康产生不良影响。因此，有效防治牙周炎成为口腔临床的重要目标，深入研究牙周炎的发病机制和评估新的治疗方法至关重要。牙周炎的实验动物模型成为上述研究的重要工具。本文系统阐述了牙周炎动物模型的构建方法，包括小型和大型动物模型的选择，以及磨牙结扎法、牙龈局部注射脂多糖、牙龈局部接种牙周致病菌、高糖饮食、化学诱导模型等造模技术，并阐述了每种方法的优缺点,从而可为牙周炎的研究提供有益的参考。
Abstract：Periodontitis is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of the oral cavity, which not only leads to periodontal attachment loss, causing tooth mobility and loss, affecting the functions of chewing, aesthetics, and pronunciation, but is also a risk factor for more than 50 systemic diseases, adversely affecting overall health. Therefore,effective prevention and treatment of periodontitis has become an important goal in clinical dentistry, and in-depth study of the pathogenesis of periodontitis and evaluation of new treatment methods are crucial important. Experimental animal models of periodontitis have become an important tool for the aforementioned research. This paper systematically describe the construction methods of periodontitis animal models, including the selection of small and large animal models, as well as modeling techniques such as ligature-induced periodontitis, local injection of lipopolysaccharide in the gingiva, local inoculation of periodontal pathogens in the gingiva, high-sugar diet, and chemical induction models, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each method, so as to provide a useful reference for the study of periodontitis.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.15956/j.cnki.chin.j.conserv.dent.2025.03.001
中图分类号:R781.42;R-332
引用信息:
[1]葛少华,王彩龙,商玲玲.牙周炎动物模型的构建[J].牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志,2025,30(03):125-131.DOI:10.15956/j.cnki.chin.j.conserv.dent.2025.03.001.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目（82320108004、82170964）